The two that survived
Both held up on data they had never seen. Short version first; every claim links to its full study.
Trend + carry
Long Bitcoin while a slow trend filter is up. Otherwise the money earns market-making yield instead of sitting idle.
Selling longshots
Prediction-market traders overpay for unlikely outcomes. We sell to them with resting orders, and it paid in every category.
What the combination earned
Growth of 100, mid-2023 to late 2026. A slow trend rule plus market-making yield beat each part alone.
Why most ideas died
Ideas are cheap; surviving unseen data is not.
Each had a structural or behavioural reason to work. Most were killed by a cheap check on real data.
Rules written down first, then run once on data nobody had looked at.
Only these two were built, and first in dry-run, with no money at risk.
How every idea was tested
Guilty until proven innocent: five gates, and most ideas never got past the second.
1. IdeaA reason an edge should exist: someone is forced, biased, or paid to take the other side.
2. Cheap kill-checkReal venue data, a control group, medians and “without the best outcome”.
3. Live book checkIs the price actually tradable in today’s order book, or the mid-point of an empty one?
4. Pre-registered holdoutRules committed first. Unseen data touched once.
5. SurvivorOnly now does anything get built.
All thirteen studies
Each page gives the one-line answer first, then the details.
What the failures taught
Fast or mechanical is taken.Arbitrage, settled weather buckets, stock-perp gaps: automated firms close them in seconds.
Informed markets are hard to out-forecast.The weather market knew more than a public forecast; crypto targets priced risk better than first looked.
One good window is not an edge.+10% per trade over six months became −1% over the fourteen months before.
Thin-market prices are a mirage.Three apparent edges were the mid-point of an empty order book.
Being paid for a service beats predicting.Both survivors earn from providing liquidity or carry, with one slow trend rule at most.